The collection consists of letters, government issued documents, printed material, and two photo albums of Dr. Stanford E. Chaillé, Confederate surgeon during the American Civil War and dean of Tulane University's medical school. Significant topics include the Union occupation of New Orleans, postwar elections, Dr. Chaillé's medical career, and Chaillé genealogy. Materials cover the period shortly before the Civil War to the early twentieth century, and deal mostly with New Orleans.